Ephesians 1:1-6
[1] Paul, an apostle of Jesus Christ by the will of God, to the saints which are at Ephesus, and to the faithful in Christ Jesus: [2] Grace be to you, and peace, from God our Father, and from the Lord Jesus Christ. [3] Blessed be the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ, who hath blessed us with all spiritual blessings in heavenly places in Christ: [4] According as he hath chosen us in him before the foundation of the world, that we should be holy and without blame before him in love: [5] Having predestinated us unto the adoption of children by Jesus Christ to himself, according to the good pleasure of his will, [6] To the praise of the glory of his grace, wherein he hath made us accepted in the beloved.
For us to understand this portion of God’s Word it is necessary to study some basic doctrines and thereby correct some widespread false teachings. The first prerequisite for understanding the Word of God is spiritual life, one must be saved. Many people believe that God acts in a capricious manner in His dealing with man. God is not the author of confusion, if we prayerfully study Scripture He gives wisdom. James 1:5 If any of you lack wisdom, let him ask of God, that giveth to all men liberally, and upbraideth not; and it shall be given him. Believers too often rely on ‘scholars’ and preachers instead of going to the Word for themselves. It is much easier to be told what to believe than to study for oneself. 2 Timothy 2:15 Study to shew thyself approved unto God, a workman that needeth not to be ashamed, rightly dividing the word of truth. Notice that this is a command and associates study with work. Few Christians will do the hard work of study to find the truth about these themes. We must first consider the truth of God’s sovereignty. Notice:
The SOVEREIGNTY of God
I. The DEFINITIONS:
A. SOVEREIGN – The etymology of the word can be traced back to the foundational language from which English and many other languages have developed. It is a compound word that comes from the words ‘super’ and ‘reign’. Reign means to rule or a kingship and super means over or the utmost or top. We find that the truth is the God is sovereign in all things. Revelation 19:16 And he hath on his vesture and on his thigh a name written, KING OF KINGS, AND LORD OF LORDS. We will look at how God has chosen to exercise His sovereignty in this study.
B. MAN’S VOLITION, often referred to as ‘free will’. Most people recognize that we are capable of making choices about matters great and small. They would never say that they had not choice in whom they married or what they wore to work or what they do on their time off. When it comes to the most important decision of life.we are told by many preachers and theologians that man is incapable of choice. The Scriptures do not teach such a doctrine. Psalm 27:8 When thou saidst, Seek ye my face; my heart said unto thee, Thy face, Lord, will I seek. Luke 13:34 O Jerusalem, Jerusalem, which killest the prophets, and stonest them that are sent unto thee; how often would I have gathered thy children together, as a hen doth gather her brood under her wings, and ye would not! It is clear that God has given man a capability to chose. He commands but did not create man as an automaton but as a being with his own volition.
II. The DEMONSTRATION of God’s sovereignty – God in exercising His sovereign will has chosen to give man the freedom to make the choice to receive Jesus as Saviour or not. We see that He has made all provision for man’s sin to be forgiven, but He does not save against the will of the individual. He invites and draws but every man must choose to follow Him or follow the flesh. Consider:
A. Adam and Eve in the Garden
B. Joshua’s command to Israel Joshua 24:15 And if it seem evil unto you to serve the Lord, choose you this day whom ye will serve; whether the gods which your fathers served that were on the other side of the flood, or the gods of the Amorites, in whose land ye dwell: but as for me and my house, we will serve the Lord.
C. Jesus speaking to Jerusalem Luke 13:34.
D. The invitation to salvation Revelation 22:17 And the Spirit and the bride say, Come. And let him that heareth say, Come. And let him that is athirst come. And whosoever will, let him take the water of life freely.
A quote from Dr. Andrew Telford in his bool ‘Subjects of Sovereignty’ “Man has the inherent ability to turn to God, or to seek after God. Ultra Calvinism says that man will not turn to God unless God makes the first move in man’s heart to cause him to turn. God has implanted that ‘first move’ in every man in His creation. God has revealed Himself to ‘All Men’ (Romans 1:19-20), and Jesus Christ gives ‘Every Man’ light when he ‘cometh into the world’ (John 1:9). It is true that man left to himself would not turn to God, but God hasn’t left man to himself. All men stand the same before God in relation to the privilege of being saved. Man is dead in sin, bu he is not dead volitionally. He has been given by the Sovereign God the power to believe on Christ or to reject Christ. God, because of His foreknowledge knows who will be saved, but He does not decide who will be saved. There is no such teaching as ‘Limited Atonement’ in Scripture. God loves all mankind, (John 3:16). Christ died for all mankind, (2 Corinthians 5:4). God is, ‘not willing that any should perish but that all should come to repentance’ (2 Peter 3:9). Every man on Earth needs to be saved. Every man on Earth can be saved by receiving Christ. God has made it easy for a man to be saved. Salvation is not distant nor difficult, (Romans 10:7-10)”
My pastor for many years, Brother Ken Jacques, often said “God by His sovereign will chose those who would be saved, He chose ‘whosoever will’. AMEN!
Ephesians 1:4-6
[4] According as he hath chosen us in him before the foundation of the world, that we should be holy and without blame before him in love: [5] Having predestinated us unto the adoption of children by Jesus Christ to himself, according to the good pleasure of his will, [6] To the praise of the glory of his grace, wherein he hath made us accepted in the beloved.
We will now turn to the doctrine of FOREKNOWLEDGE.
I. The DEFINITION
A. An ATTRIBUTE of God whereby He sees all things in the present tense. Isaiah 46:10 Declaring the end from the beginning, and from ancient times [the things] that are not [yet] done, saying, My counsel shall stand, and I will do all my pleasure:
1. Intrinsic in Him
2. Infinite
B. It’s INTELLIGIBLE so Mina my want to make the simple truths of Scripture unintelligible, but God’s Word is for ALL His Saints.
II. Its EFFECTS
A. God knows all
B. His knowledge does not mean He has preordained all things
III. The Scriptural EVIDENCE
A. Pharaoh Exodus 4:21 And the LORD said unto Moses, When thou goest to return into Egypt, see that thou do all those wonders before Pharaoh, which I have put in thine hand: but I will harden his heart, that he shall not let the people go.
B. The Altar in Bethel 1 Kings 13:1-2 1 ¶ And, behold, there came a man of God out of Judah by the word of the LORD unto Bethel: and Jeroboam stood by the altar to burn incense. 2 And he cried against the altar in the word of the LORD, and said, O altar, altar, thus saith the LORD; Behold, a child shall be born unto the house of David, Josiah by name; and upon thee shall he offer the priests of the high places that burn incense upon thee, and men’s bones shall be burnt upon thee. 1 Kings 23:15 Moreover the altar that [was] at Bethel, [and] the high place which Jeroboam the son of Nebat, who made Israel to sin, had made, both that altar and the high place he brake down, and burned the high place, [and] stamped [it] small to powder, and burned the grove. 16 And as Josiah turned himself, he spied the sepulchres that [were] there in the mount, and sent, and took the bones out of the sepulchres, and burned [them] upon the altar, and polluted it, according to the word of the LORD which the man of God proclaimed, who proclaimed these words.
C. David’s Testimony Psalm 139:1-8 1 ¶ «To the chief Musician, A Psalm of David.» O LORD, thou hast searched me, and known [me]. (God knows every person) 2 Thou knowest my downsitting and mine uprising, thou understandest my thought afar off. (He knows our thoughts before we do) 3 Thou compassest my path and my lying down, and art acquainted [with] all my ways. 4 For [there is] not a word in my tongue, [but], lo, O LORD, thou knowest it altogether. 5 Thou hast beset me behind and before, and laid thine hand upon me (God knows us completely) 6 [Such] knowledge [is] too wonderful for me; it is high, I cannot [attain] unto it. 7 ¶ Whither shall I go from thy spirit? or whither shall I flee from thy presence? 8 If I ascend up into heaven, thou [art] there: if I make my bed in hell, behold, thou [art there].
IV. Our BLESSINGS We are blessed because God is:
A. ETERNAL
B. OMNISCIENT – He knows:
1. Our Problems
2. Our Provision
3. Our Place – Heaven
C. Omnipotent
D. Omnipresent
Let us now study the doctrine of ADOPTION. This is often misunderstood because of:
1. Transferring present day definition to the Bible subject.
2. Failure to understand the culture and customs of the day. Even today we have many misunderstandings because of the difficulties of cross-cultural communications.
3. Dependence upon ‘scholarship’ to do the work we should do in Bible Study.
Consider:
I. TheDEFINITION of the TERM means son-placed not son-made. It is an act God whereby He sets a goal for the believer. Because of the difficulty in translation it is sometimes that there is not a single word to translate the idea that a word conveys in a particular language. Illustration: Snow in the language of the Eskimos or coffee break into Spanish. The adoption is akin to our custom and legal term of coming of age. The child of a wealthy and powerful man may be heir to all that his father possesses but as a minor he has a limited ability to access those riches. We as children of God have not yet experienced all that is ours through Christ, but it is already our possession, we await the moment when Jesus will return and we will enjoy all the things that God has for us. Romans 8:16-17 The Spirit itself beareth witness with our spirit, that we are the children of God: [17] And if children, then heirs; heirs of God, and joint-heirs with Christ; if so be that we suffer with him, that we may be also glorified together. Furthermore adoption as we understand it today was not a practice known in Israel. While there was a way for someone to become the guardian of a child and therefore responsible for their physical and moral welfare. The relationship between the child and the natural parents was not terminated by this arrangement. Son-placing occurred when the young man came of age and it was announced to the world that he now had the status of an adult with all the rights, privileges and responsibilities pertaining to his new position. We recognize this for our young people for most things at the age of 18. One day he is a child and the next a man or we could say he has been son-placed.
II. The TIMING Romans 8:23 And not only they, but ourselves also, which have the firstfruits of the Spirit, even we ourselves groan within ourselves, waiting for the adoption, to wit, the redemption of our body. It is clear from this verse that we are not made the children of God by adoption because even the apostle Paul said of himself, like all believers, that he was waiting for the adoption. He then defines adoption in very clear and precise language. He tells us that the adoption is the redemption of our body. 1 Corinthians chapter 15 teach us that as the second coming of the Lord we shall receive our glorified body, that is the ‘redemption of our body’. Therefore the adoption is future.
III. The PROMISE of God assures us we will be son-placed – we will have a redeemed, glorified body and enjoy all the marvels of Heaven forever in the presence of our Saviour. We have God’s promise for it and that’s enough!
IV. The DESIRABILITY of it Philippians 1:23 For I am in a strait betwixt two, having a desire to depart, and to be with Christ; which is far better:
A. INTEGRAL
B. INTENSE
C. IRRESISTIBLE
V. The Present MANIFESTATION Romans 8:15 For ye have not received the spirit of bondage again to fear; but ye have received the Spirit of adoption, whereby we cry, Abba, Father. 2 Corinthians 5:5 Now he that hath wrought us for the selfsame thing is God, who also hath given unto us the earnest of the Spirit. We are sealed (marked as God’s) by the Holy Spirit. This also is the earnest or down payment on all that will be ours.
VI. The PARTICIPANTS in adoption – Galatians 4:5 To redeem them that were under the law, that we might receive the adoption of sons.
A. The PROVIDER – Jesus
We will now consider the doctrine of ELECTION.
Ephesians 1:1-6
[1] Paul, an apostle of Jesus Christ by the will of God, to the saints which are at Ephesus, and to the faithful in Christ Jesus: [2] Grace be to you, and peace, from God our Father, and from the Lord Jesus Christ. [3] Blessed be the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ, who hath blessed us with all spiritual blessings in heavenly places in Christ: [4] According as he hath chosen us in him before the foundation of the world, that we should be holy and without blame before him in love: [5] Having predestinated us unto the adoption of children by Jesus Christ to himself, according to the good pleasure of his will, [6] To the praise of the glory of his grace, wherein he hath made us accepted in the beloved.
One tendency that we all have is to impose the current connotations of words on those of the Bible and to think that the customs of our day is applicable to other societies, even those that are ancient. It is best to allow the Bible to be its own interpreter. The rule of first mention is very helpful in understanding the meaning of any word or doctrine. Election is most certainly a Bible subject and doctrine. Let’s look to the Scriptures for guidance in this study. Consider:
I. The DEFINITION – I will use the definition given by Dr. Andrew Telford in his book ‘Subjects of Sovereignty’ ; “a divine act of God, whereby God, for reasons known only to Himself, in the blessing of mankind, set to one side all firsts, and chooses all seconds.” Romans 9:11-12 11 (For [the children] being not yet born, neither having done any good or evil, that the purpose of God according to election might stand, not of works, but of him that calleth;) 12 It was said unto her, The elder shall serve the younger. The election of God has to do with:
A. A WORD or TITLE – much as we are called Saints or Christians
B. The WITNESS of His glory – by choosing those that the world would consider unworthy God shows Himself to be the one worthy of praise and glory.
C. The WORK of God – We are elected to serve Him not to privilege but to service.
II. The PROBLEMATIC texts
A. Romans 9:15-18 15 For he saith to Moses, I will have mercy on whom I will have mercy, and I will have compassion on whom I will have compassion. 16 So then [it is] not of him that willeth, nor of him that runneth, but of God that sheweth mercy. 17 For the scripture saith unto Pharaoh, Even for this same purpose have I raised thee up, that I might shew my power in thee, and that my name might be declared throughout all the earth. 18 Therefore hath he mercy on whom he will [have mercy], and whom he will he hardeneth. Compare this with Romans 11:32 For God hath concluded them all in unbelief, that he might have mercy upon all. God has mercy upon all. Pharaoh hardened his own heart in response to God’s dealings with him.
B. Romans 9:22-23 22 [What] if God, willing to shew [his] wrath, and to make his power known, endured with much longsuffering the vessels of wrath fitted to destruction: 23 And that he might make known the riches of his glory on the vessels of mercy, which he had afore prepared unto glory, The question here is who is doing the fitting? It is Satan who fits man for destruction, he started this in the Garden with Adam and Eve. God is long suffering with those who have submitted themselves to Satan. When they submit to Satan he fits them for destruction.
C. Acts 13:48 And when the Gentiles heard this, they were glad, and glorified the word of the Lord: and as many as were ordained to eternal life believed. Does this verse teach that God had ‘chosen’ or ‘elected’ some to be saved and others to be condemned to Hell? We need to
1. Take into our thinking the clear teaching that 2 Peter 3:9 The Lord is not slack concerning his promise, as some men count slackness; but is longsuffering to us-ward, not willing that any should perish, but that all should come to repentance. It is impossible for God to contradict Himself therefore we must interpret this verse in the light of the clear teaching that Christ died for all. The teaching here is that the gentiles who were willing to believe were saved, not that God had prohibited some from salvation.
2. Scripture teaches us that in every situation some believe and some reject. It is not that God chooses some for Heaven and some for Hell, rather that He offers salvation to all and each man must decide to receive or refuse the offer of salvation.
D. Romans 9:13 As it is written, Jacob have I loved, but Esau have I hated. This is a quote from Malachi 1:1-2 1 ¶ The burden of the word of the LORD to Israel by Malachi. 2 I have loved you, saith the LORD. Yet ye say, Wherein hast thou loved us? [Was] not Esau Jacob’s brother? saith the LORD: yet I loved Jacob,
1. When it was written –
2. Why it was written – because of their wickedness and idolatry that continued without repentance or interruption
III. The PEOPLE who are elected
A. Israel in the Old Testament Isaiah 45:3-5 3 And I will give thee the treasures of darkness, and hidden riches of secret places, that thou mayest know that I, the LORD, which call [thee] by thy name, [am] the God of Israel. 4 For Jacob my servant’s sake, and Israel mine elect, I have even called thee by thy name: I have surnamed thee, though thou hast not known me.
B. In the present age it’s the church Romans 8:33 Who shall lay any thing to the charge of God’s elect? [It is] God that justifieth.
C. In the Tribulation it will be the 144,000 Matthew 24:22-24 22 And except those days should be shortened, there should no flesh be saved: but for the elect’s sake those days shall be shortened. 23 Then if any man shall say unto you, Lo, here [is] Christ, or there; believe [it] not. 24 For there shall arise false Christs, and false prophets, and shall shew great signs and wonders; insomuch that, if [it were] possible, they shall deceive the very elect.
IV. The PURPOSE of election – the rejection of that which is carnal and worldly and choosing that which is spiritual. It has to do with service, the elect are those that serve God.
V. The PRACTICE of election
A. Romans 9:10-12 And not only [this]; but when Rebecca also had conceived by one, [even] by our father Isaac; 11 (For [the children] being not yet born, neither having done any good or evil, that the purpose of God according to election might stand, not of works, but of him that calleth;) 12 It was said unto her, The elder shall serve the younger.
B. Genesis 48:8-19 8 ¶ And Israel beheld Joseph’s sons, and said, Who [are] these? 9 And Joseph said unto his father, They [are] my sons, whom God hath given me in this [place]. And he said, Bring them, I pray thee, unto me, and I will bless them. 10 Now the eyes of Israel were dim for age, [so that] he could not see. And he brought them near unto him; and he kissed them, and embraced them. 11 And Israel said unto Joseph, I had not thought to see thy face: and, lo, God hath shewed me also thy seed. 12 And Joseph brought them out from between his knees, and he bowed himself with his face to the earth. 13 And Joseph took them both, Ephraim in his right hand toward Israel’s left hand, and Manasseh in his left hand toward Israel’s right hand, and brought [them] near unto him. 14 And Israel stretched out his right hand, and laid [it] upon Ephraim’s head, who [was] the younger, and his left hand upon Manasseh’s head, guiding his hands wittingly; for Manasseh [was] the firstborn. 15 And he blessed Joseph, and said, God, before whom my fathers Abraham and Isaac did walk, the God which fed me all my life long unto this day, 16 The Angel which redeemed me from all evil, bless the lads; and let my name be named on them, and the name of my fathers Abraham and Isaac; and let them grow into a multitude in the midst of the earth. 17 And when Joseph saw that his father laid his right hand upon the head of Ephraim, it displeased him: and he held up his father’s hand, to remove it from Ephraim’s head unto Manasseh’s head. 18 And Joseph said unto his father, Not so, my father: for this [is] the firstborn; put thy right hand upon his head. 19 And his father refused, and said, I know [it], my son, I know [it]: he also shall become a people, and he also shall be great: but truly his younger brother shall be greater than he, and his seed shall become a multitude of nations.
C. 1 Corinthians 15:45-47 45 And so it is written, The first man Adam was made a living soul; the last Adam [was made] a quickening spirit. 46 Howbeit that [was] not first which is spiritual, but that which is natural; and afterward that which is spiritual. 47 The first man [is] of the earth, earthy: the second man [is] the Lord from heaven.
Now let us consider PREDESTINATION:
Ephesians 1:1-6
[1] Paul, an apostle of Jesus Christ by the will of God, to the saints which are at Ephesus, and to the faithful in Christ Jesus: [2] Grace be to you, and peace, from God our Father, and from the Lord Jesus Christ. [3] Blessed be the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ, who hath blessed us with all spiritual blessings in heavenly places in Christ: [4] According as he hath chosen us in him before the foundation of the world, that we should be holy and without blame before him in love: [5] Having predestinated us unto the adoption of children by Jesus Christ to himself, according to the good pleasure of his will, [6] To the praise of the glory of his grace, wherein he hath made us accepted in the beloved.
I. The DEFINITION The act of God whereby He assures that the believer will attain the adoption ie the redemption of the body Romans 8:23 And not only they, but ourselves also, which have the firstfruits of the Spirit, even we ourselves groan within ourselves, waiting for the adoption, to wit, the redemption of our body. Consider the etymology of the word. It comes from two words, the first is ‘pre’ which means before and destination which mean the end or the farthest extent. In this case it speaks of the ultimate goal that God has for the believer. We are strangers and pilgrims here but our destination is to be adopted is son-placed that is to come to the perfection that is ours when we shall receive our glorified, redeemed bodies.
II. The DIFFERENCE. Between foreknowledge, adoption, election and predestination. Let’s look at these verses: Romans 8:28-30 [28] And we know that all things work together for good to them that love God, to them who are the called according to his purpose. [29] For whom he did foreknow, he also did predestinate to be conformed to the image of his Son, that he might be the firstborn among many brethren. [30] Moreover whom he did predestinate, them he also called: and whom he called, them he also justified: and whom he justified, them he also glorified. It is important to rely on the teaching of the Scriptures without imposing any preconceived ideas on the doctrines taught by the Bible. It is difficult to put aside the ideas that we have acquired in the past. This is particularly true of the subject of predestination. It is an automatic reflex to think of one being consigned to Heaven or Hell when. We hear the term predestination. We must first be careful to keep to the teaching of the Word of God about the doctrine of predestination.
III. The DECLARATION of God as to the scope of His offer of salvation. The clear and certain teaching of the Bible is that ALL MEN may be saved. God offers salvation to all, consider the following verses:
A. 2 Peter 3:9 The Lord is not slack concerning his promise, as some men count slackness; but is longsuffering to us-ward, not willing that any should perish, but that all should come to repentance.
B. 1 Timothy 2:3-4 [3] For this is good and acceptable in the sight of God our Saviour; [4] Who will have all men to be saved, and to come unto the knowledge of the truth.
C. John 6:44 No man can come to me, except the Father which hath sent me draw him: and I will raise him up at the last day. This verse has been used to teach that God calls some and others He doesn’t call but if we compare it with John 12:32 And I, if I be lifted up from the earth, will draw all men unto me. We see that God’s salvation is available to all. This is done according to the principle we see in 1 Corinthians 2:13 Which things also we speak, not in the words which man’s wisdom teacheth, but which the Holy Ghost teacheth; comparing spiritual things with spiritual.
IV. The DEFINITE purpose of predestination. Refer again to Romans 8:28-30. Verse 29 teaches that the purpose of predestination is that we be conformed to image of His Son. It is certain that none has achieved such status as yet. Paul said Philippians 3:13 Brethren, I count not myself to have apprehended: but this one thing I do, forgetting those things which are behind, and reaching forth unto those things which are before, But we can be sure that we will reach the goal that God has set for us. We can be sure because it is God that will do it. Remember 1 Thessalonians 5:23-24 [23] And the very God of peace sanctify you wholly; and I pray God your whole spirit and soul and body be preserved blameless unto the coming of our Lord Jesus Christ. [24] Faithful is he that calleth you, who also will do it.
V. Five DISTINCT blessings found in Romans 8:28-30 [28] And we know that all things work together for good to them that love God, to them who are the called according to his purpose. [29] For whom he did foreknow, he also did predestinate to be conformed to the image of his Son, that he might be the firstborn among many brethren. [30] Moreover whom he did predestinate, them he also called: and whom he called, them he also justified: and whom he justified, them he also glorified.
A. FOREKNOWLEDGE
B. PREDESTINATION
C. CALLING
D. JUSTIFICATION
E. SANCTIFICATION